Fort Smallwood Park is likely the best location along the entire East Coast for observing spring raptor migration. The number of raptors counted per year has averaged over 10,000 from 2002 through 2006. The all-time high count was 12,512 in 1997.
Most common migrants are Sharp-shinned, Cooper's, Red-shouldered, Broad-winged and Red-tailed Hawks, and American Kestrels and Turkey Vultures. Nineteen different raptor species have been observed over the years, averaging about 15 per season. Bald Eagles are also regularly seen and a late spring specialty is Mississippi Kite .

The best time period to view the spring migration is mid-March through mid-May, especially on southwest winds. Volunteer counters are present during most of these days.

Fall raptor migration can also be very productive from September through November, with northwest winds favored.

Hawk watch data are reported to the Hawk Migration Association of North America, which has recently embarked on a program to analyze hawk migration data nationwide.

In recognition of the significance of the hawk watch, Fort Smallwood Park has been named an Important Bird Area by Audubon Maryland-DC. Migration of non-raptor species is also noteworthy, especially waterfowl, swallows, and Blue Jays.